Malinga ndi zovuta zowoneka bwino za ngalande zomwe tidaziwonetsa kale, zofunikira zapamwamba zimayikidwa patsogolo pakuwunikira.Kuti tithane ndi mavuto owoneka bwinowa, titha kudutsa mbali zotsatirazi.
Kuyatsa ngalandenthawi zambiri imagawidwa m'magawo asanu: gawo loyandikira, gawo lolowera, gawo la kusintha, gawo lapakati ndi gawo lotuluka, lililonse lomwe lili ndi ntchito yosiyana.
(1) Gawo loyandikira: Gawo loyandikira la ngalandeyo likutanthauza gawo la msewu womwe uli pafupi ndi khomo la ngalandeyo.Ili kunja kwa ngalandeyo, kuwala kwake kumachokera ku chilengedwe kunja kwa ngalandeyo, popanda kuunikira kopanga, koma chifukwa kuwala kwa gawo lomwe likuyandikira likugwirizana kwambiri ndi kuunikira mkati mwa ngalandeyo, ndizozoloŵeranso kuzitcha gawo lounikira.
(2) Gawo lolowera: Gawo lolowera ndi gawo loyamba lowunikira mutalowa mumsewu.Gawo lolowera poyamba linkatchedwa chigawo chosinthira, chomwe chimafuna kuunikira kochita kupanga.
(3) Gawo la kusintha: Gawo la kusintha ndilo gawo lowunikira pakati pa gawo lolowera ndi gawo lapakati.Gawoli limagwiritsidwa ntchito pothana ndi vuto lakusintha kwa masomphenya a dalaivala kuchokera pakuwala kwambiri pagawo lolowera mpaka pakuwala kochepa pakati.
(4) Gawo lapakati: Dalaivala atayendetsa gawo lolowera ndi gawo losinthira, masomphenya a dalaivala amaliza njira yosinthira mdima.Ntchito yowunikira pakatikati ndikuwonetsetsa chitetezo.
(5) Kutuluka gawo: Masana, dalaivala akhoza pang'onopang'ono kusintha kuwala kwamphamvu pa kutuluka kuti athetse "bowo loyera" chodabwitsa;usiku, dalaivala amatha kuona bwino mzere mawonekedwe a msewu kunja ndi zopinga pa msewu mu dzenje., kuti athetse vuto la "black hole" potuluka, chizoloŵezi chofala ndicho kugwiritsa ntchito nyali zam'misewu monga kuunikira kosalekeza kunja kwa ngalandeyo.
Nthawi yotumiza: Sep-17-2022
